- Internetwork
When two or more networks are joined together they are called
an internetwork or internet with a lowercase i.
Packet Switching
The technique of breaking a message into individual packets,
sending the packets along the best route available, and
reassembling the data is called packet switching. The software
used for packet switching on the Internet is a communications
protocol named TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/Internet
protocol).
Backbone
Regional host computers are connected to the major networks
that carry most of the Internet communications traffic by high-speed communications lines called backbones. Backbones are
like highways that connect major cities across the country.
ISP
Is short for Internet service provider; it's an organization that
has a permanent connection to the Internet and provides
temporary connections to others for a fee. Local ISPs connect
to regional host computers operated by national Internet service
providers.
IP Address
It works like the postal service, the internet relies on an
addressing system to send data to its destination. Each location
on the Internet has four-part numeric address called an IP
(Internet protocol) address. The first part of the IP address
identifies the geographic region, the second part the company
or organization, the third part the computer group, and the
fourth and last part, the specific computer.
Domain Name
the Internet supports the use of a text name that can be
substituted for the IP address. The text version of the IP
address is called a domain name.
Target Hyperlink
One of the three types of hyperlinks is the Target
hyperlinks which moves from one location in a
document to another location in the same document
Relative Hyperlinks
These hyperlinks move from one document to another
document on the same Internet computer.
Absolute Hyperlinks
Move to another document on a different Internet
computer.
Plug-In
Run multimedia within the browser window. Can be
downloaded from many sites on the Web. Links to these
sites often are found with Web multimedia applications
Helper Application
Run multimedia in a window separate from the browsers.
Can be downloaded from many sites on the Web. Links
to these sites often are found with Web multimedia
applications
Applet
Can be downloaded and run in your browser window,
can be used by any type of computer and are relatively
safe from viruses and other tampering.
Streaming Video
Allows you to view longer or live video images as they
are download to your computer. It also allows you to
conduct Internet videoconferences similarly to Internet
audioconferences.
Search engine
A search tool to help you find information on specific topics.
It is a software program that finds Web sites, Web pages , and
Internet files that match one or more keywords that you enter.
Some search tools look for simple word matches and other
allow for more specific searches on a series of words or an
entire phrase. An example of search tool is "Yahoo!"
Intranet
Many organization have applied Web technology to their own
internal networks. Internal networks that use Internet and Web
technology are called Intranets.
Extranet
Private networks that include more than one organization.
Firewall
A general term that refers to both hardware and software used
to restrict access to data on a network. Firewalls are used to
deny network access to outsiders and to restrict employees'
access to sensitive data such as payroll or personnel records.
Proxy server
A common way to implement a firewall is to place a computer
called a proxy server between two separate networks. It might
separate an organization's's internal network from an internet
network used to share data with remote locations.
Caching
Involves storing a copy of each Web page that is accessed in
local storage. Retrieving a page from cache is faster than
retrieving a page from its original Web location.
Anonymous FTP
FTP stands for file transfer protocol, it's an Internet standard
that allows you to exchange files with other computers on the
Internet. Some FTP sites limit file transfers to persons who
have authorized accounts on the computer. Many FTP
computers, however, allow anonymous FTP, whereby anyone
can log in and transfer some, if not all, available files.
Archie gateway
A Web page that provides an easy to use interface to the Archie
search function.
Gopher
A menu-driven program that helps you locate and retrieve files
on the Internet. Gopher originally was developed at the
University of Minnesota and is named after the school mascot,
the Golden Gopher.
Veronica/
A search programs that search Gopher directories for files on a
Jughead specific subject. It is offered in the Gopher servers.
Telenet
An internet protocol that enables you to log into a remote
computer on the Internet. Can use the remote computer as if
you had a direct, local connection.
Usenet
A collection of news and discussion groups, called
newsgroups, that are accessed via the Internet. Each of the
more than 6,000 newsgroups operates as if it were a bulletin
board devoted to a particular subject.
Thread
The original article and all subsequent related replies are called
a thread in the newsgroups.
Moderator
Some newsgroups are supervised by a moderator, who reads
each article before it is posted to the newsgroup. If the
moderator thinks an article is appropriate for the newsgroup,
the moderator posts the article for all members to read.
Netiquette
Over time, newsgroup members have developed certain
guidelines for posting articles called netiquette (short for
network etiquette). These guidelines are also appropriate for
other communications such as e-mail.
Channel (IRC)
Allows you to join others in real time conversations on the
Internet. You must connect to an Internet server using an IRC
client program to start an IRC session. You then can create or
join a conversation group called a channel on the Internet
server to which you are attached. The channel name should
indicate the topic of discussion.
Information appliance
A network computer for the home, sometimes called an
information appliance, is a device that incorporates
Internet access into a device with which you are familiar
already, such as a television, a telephone, or a video
game console.
What makes up an e-mail address
A combination of a user name and the
domain name that identifies the location of
the mailbox computer. Your user name, or
user-ID, is a unique combination of
characters that identifies you. It must be
different from the other user names located
on the same mailbox computer. Sometimes
it's limited to eight characters and often is
combination of your first and last names,
such as the initial of your first name plus
your last name.
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